‘Umar ibn al-Khattâb did not harm the Christians when he entered Jerusalem (Bayt al-Maqdis), whereas when the Christians entered it, they slew the Muslims and burnt the Jews mercilessly.”, In his book, A Religious Trip in the East, monk Michaud says: “Unfortunately, the Christians learnt from the Muslims the toleration which is the sign of doing good among nations, showing respect for the creeds of others and abstention from imposing any dogma upon them by force.””[13], “The political ingenuity of the early caliphs was no less than the military skill they acquired very soon. No nation has ever achieved the greatest number of inventions within the shortest time as the Arabs did. Et les conséquences ne sont venues que pour Van Dyck et Thiago That went on until the end of the seventh century. The Barbarians who occupied the Roman world, Turks and others, regardless of founding great states, did not establish a civilization and, therefore, the purpose of their existence was to utilize, even with great difficulty, the civilizations of the nations they conquered. In his works, he recognizes the credit of Arab and Islamic civilization on European and Western civilization, not only by transmitting the Greek and Indian cultures but also by making its own tradition. Didier et cie, 1865, p. 82. A similar toleration was shown by the Arabs in all Syrian cities, whose inhabitants soon accepted the sovereignty of the Arabs and most of them embraced Islam instead of Christianity and learnt Arabic as well.”[5], “The conduct of the Commander of the Believers, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattâb, in Jerusalem (Bayt al-Maqdis) proves how kindly the Arab conquerors dealt with the conquered peoples, the opposite of what was done by the Crusaders in Jerusalem many centuries later. Gustave Le Bon. As important as it might be and, in spite of the fact that a lot of topics and paragraphs deserve to be quoted here, the aim of the book permitted only to choose what seemed to me to be the clearest and most important. To receive the latest topics on email directly as they are published, All rights reserved to Islam story website ©2012. To see what your friends thought of this quote, please sign up! ; Cultuurgeschiedenis. Friends Who Liked This Quote. Le héros inattendu est le Réserviste de 22 ans qui n'était pas sur le terrain depuis décembre 2019 Jürgen Klopp: d'abord Oliver n'a pas vu le moment, puis VAR a oublié les règles. The numerous Christian churches they built during the Arab reign give a clear proof that the Arabs respected the creeds of other nations which submitted to their authority.”[15], “The Arab civilization produced by the followers of Muhammad  was subject to the same norms which governed the previous civilizations in the world: emergence, evolution, decline and death. . La psychologie des foules explique leur irrationalité.Gustave Le Bon montre en effet dans Psychologie des foules que le comportement d’une masse d’hommes diffère de ceux d’individus isolés. From inside the book . He offered the Egyptians complete religious freedom, absolute justice and respect for their property, and imposed a fixed annual Jizyah of no more than fifteen franks per capita, as opposed to the high taxes levied by the Roman Caesars. “We see from the Qur’anic verses that Muhammad’s toleration with the Jews and Christians was so great as none among the founders of the religions before him, of Judaism or Christianity, had never been, and we would see how his successors followed his method in this respect. Gustave Le Bon fut un très grand voyageur et n’a cessé de parcourir le monde à la recherche d’autres cultures. The Fin-de-Siècle World. Polygraphe, intervenant dans des domaines variés, il est l'auteur de nombreux ouvrages dans lesquels il aborde le désordre comportemental et la psychologie des foules. Une édition électronique réalisée à partir du livre de Gustave Le Bon, (1841-1931) (sociologue), La civilisation des Arabes (1884). You can write a book review and share your experiences. The Arabs left the conquered free to practice their religions. ‘Umar entered the city in the company of only a small number of Muslims and asked Patriarch Safronius to accompany him in his tour to the holy sites. But it should be recognized today that all this was the work of the Arabs alone – an opinion opted for by all scholars who studied the Arab writings.”[24], “The more we delve into the study of Arab civilization, scientific books, arts and inventions, the more new facts and extensive horizons will appear to us. Among his famous books is La Civilization des Arabes (The Civilization of the Arabs), one of the most fundamental books written in Europe in the modern age, impartial and objective in judgment on Arab and Islamic civilization. world of Islamic civilization by Gustave Le Bon. Gustave le Bon (1841-1931) He was a French Orientalist and researcher in sociology and psychology. Gustave le Bon S'il faut juger de la valeur des hommes par la grandeur des œuvres qu'ils ont fondées, nous pouvons dire que Mahomet fut un des plus grands hommes qu'ait connus l'histoire. According to Robertson in his History of Charlemagne, “The great zeal the Muslims (from among all men of religions) had for their religion went side by side with a spirit of toleration toward the followers of other religions. ... Spain, the centers of learning in Central Asia, the mosques in Arab countries, etc. He also made the Ka‘bah an Islamic place of worship and soon it became the main house of Islam.”[28], You are indeed on a high model of moral character, “Muhammad was a man of noble manners, wisdom, kindheartedness, compassion, mercy, truthfulness and trustworthiness.”[29], “Few are the nations that excelled the Arabs in civility. He granted safety to its people and gave them a pledge of respect for their churches and property and prohibited Muslims to perform their rites in their synagogues.”[6], “‘Amr ibn al-‘Âs, in his conduct in Egypt, was no less kind. Gustave le Bon (1841-1931) He was a French Orientalist and researcher in sociology and psychology. Historically, because large groups of people have been able to bring about dramatic and sudden social change in a manner that bypasses the established due process, they have also provoked controversy. p. 450. That the Arabs did not make other attempts to conquer this region goes back to the fact that northern France was very cold and rainy and this neither suited them nor encouraged them to stay there. [1] Gustave La Bon, La Civilization des Arabes, (adapted from the Arabic translation), 126. [18] Gustave La Bon, Les opinions et les croyances, (adapted from the Arabic translation), 6. S'il faut juger de la valeur des hommes par la grandeur des œuvres qu'ils ont fondées, nous pouvons dire que Mahomet fut un des plus grands hommes qu'ait connus l'histoire. C’est pendant l’un de ses voyages qu’il rencontre les musulmans et la religion de vérité, l’Islam. Politically, they founded one of the greatest states known in history and civilized Europe culturally and morally. ^ Saler, Michael (2015). [29] Gustave La Bone, la religion et la vie, (adapted from the Arabic translation), 67. Recommend to friends. Islamic civilization-Muslim world. Dune part, à une époque où la méthode devient importante, son « amateurisme » gêne ses contemporains tels que Durkheim1, sans que cela ait vraiment dinfluence sur son début de carrière. Gustave Le Bon “Muhammad met all the harming and torturing with patience and endurance.” “Muhammad treated the people of Quraysh, who were his enemies for twenty years, with tolerance and kindness. In spite of carrying the sword to spread their religion, they left those who did not like to adopt it free with their own religious precepts.”, According to Michaud in his History of the Crusades, “The Qur’an which enjoins Jihâd upon the Muslims shows great toleration towards the followers of other religions. Quote by Gustave Le Bon: "Muhammad is the greatest man that history ever knew..." at www.quoteslyfe.com. La Fontaine au Roy, 1990, Livre deuxième, chapitre premier, Mahomet, p. 76 Such toleration had not been attained in Europe even after suffering along one-thousand years of destructive wars, deep-rooted resentments and bloody carnages.”[2], “The reader will see, in our discussion of the conquests of the Arabs and the causes of their victory, that force was not the main factor of the spread of the Qur’an. It exempts the patriarchs, monks and their servants from taxes. Although some western scholars were just to Muhammad, religious fanaticism blinded the sights of many others from recognizing his credit.”[27], “Muhammad dealt with the Quraysh, his belligerent adversaries, for twenty years in kindness and patience and rescued them from (the anger of) his companions even with difficulty. In his sight, it does not deserve all what was said about it or about its leader, Charles Martel, who but stopped the Arab conquests only in northern France whilst their conquests went on in its south. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books you've read. From La Civilization des Arabes (the Civilization of the Arabs): “Islam, from among all religions, best suits the science discoveries and is the most ready to edify souls and force them to abide by justice, kindness and toleration.”[1], “With the flourishing of Arab civilization, religious toleration was absolute – a fact for which we have brought more than one indication. citations from Islam and the World and Muhammad Rasu/111/ali since it would have not been worthwilile to re-write these passages in a different phrase. [19] Gustave La Bon, La Civilization des Arabes, 135. It was sufficient for him to wipe away the pictures hung on the Ka‘bah and cleanse it from the 360 idols which he commanded to be overturned. Download it The World Of Islamic Civilization books also available in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format for read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Read more quotes from Gustave Le Bon. Among his famous books is La Civilization des ArabesLa Civilization des Arabes Nevertheless, the Qur’an did not spread by the sword. Author Le Bon, Gustave, 1841-1931 Subjects Islamic civilization. The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind (French: Psychologie des Foules; literally: Psychology of Crowds) is a book authored by Gustave Le Bon that was first published in 1895.. Gustave Le Bon war ein französischer Mediziner, Anthropologe, Psychologe, Soziologe und Erfinder. Mahomet et le Coran (1865), Jules Barthélemy Saint-Hilaire, éd. If it happened that some Christians embraced Islam and took Arabic as their language, this was due to the justice they saw from the victorious Arabs the like of which they did not see from their previous masters, in addition to the ease of Islam which they knew not before.”[3], “It has been proven throughout history that religions cannot be imposed by force. When the Christians conquered the Arabs of Andalusia, the Arabs favored to be killed and driven out entirely rather than to leave Islam. Thus, a lot of peoples very easily adopted their religion, systems and language, which established itself, resisted all invasions and survived even after the disappearance of Arab sovereignty from the scene. Gustave Le Bon. Whether you've loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. Gustave Le Bon, büyük bir … Ordinary people can typically gain direct power by acting collectively. The opposite was true of the Arabs, who very quickly founded a new civilization extremely different from those prior to it and succeeded in attracting numerous peoples to their religion and language, not to mention their new civilization.”[19], Europe, in its civilization, is indebted to the Arabs, “The Arabs had a great influence on the West, and Europe, in its civilization, is indebted to the Arabs. In the following sentences I am going to quote from the books of many of them, which proves that our opinion on this issue is not just ours. Click Get Books for free books. Er gilt als einer der Begründer der Massenpsychologie, einem Teilgebiet der Sozialpsychologie. Gustave le Bon (1841-1931) He was a French Orientalist and researcher in sociology and psychology. Ditulis oleh Nurfitri Hadi, M.A. Or, selon lui, la fin de l’Ancien Régime a entraîné un changement radical dans l’âme du peuple et fait entrer les sociétés dans l’« ère des foules ». Want to Read. They used to show mercy to the weak, be kind towards the conquered and abide by the conditions they imposed upon themselves, to the end of those good traits.”[11], However, La Bon does not hide his sorrow for the fact that the Muslims did not rule France and that their conquests in northern France came to end with Poitiers. … Muhammad was certain that Allâh commanded him to call people to a new religion which He revealed to him in order to renew the world and, by virtue of his certainty, he was able to change the entire world.”[18], “The Arab conquests had a specific character the like of which was missing with other conquerors who came after them. This influence on the West could be perceived only by imagining the state in which Europe was before civilization was brought to it. The World Of Islamic Civilization Egypt. In his works, he recognizes the credit of Arab and Islamic civilization on European … The World Of Islamic Civilization The World Of Islamic Civilization by Gustave Le Bon. Réimpression de l'édition de 1884 publiée à Paris par Firmin-Didot. Since the value of the civilizational influence of a nation on another is determined by the extent it develops and reforms it, the conclusion will be that the Arabs had a great influence on Sicily.”[23], “It is attributed to Bacon, in general, that he was the first to hold experiment and observation, the pillars of the modern scientific methodology, in the position of the instructor. Meanwhile, the most knowledgeable among the Christians were from the poor, ignorant monks who stayed in their churches to submissively erase the valuable books of the ancients to have enough scrolls to transcribe the books of worship.”[20], “The civil affair of the Arabs did not seem, in any country they ruled, clearer as it did in Spain which had no civilization before the Arab conquest and then came to have a flourishing civilization in the era of the Arabs before it fell to the lowest bottom of degradation after their evacuation.”[21], “The Arabs had no sooner completed their conquest of Spain than they began to carry out the message of civilization in it. Mahomet a été le plus intelligent, le plus religieux, le plus clément des Arabes de son temps. That is, he did not exterminate them entirely: he rather levied upon them a very little Jizyah and forbade the Muslims to take anything from them.”[17], “The Bedouin tribes in the Arab Peninsula adopted a religion brought by an unlettered person by virtue of which they established, within less than fifty years, a great state like that of Alexander and adorned it with many magnificent buildings which stand as a miraculous sign. 1. of fascist psychology (I’m thinking of Gustave Le Bon and Gabriel Tarde, but also Nietzsche, Bataille, Girard, among others I started discussing in Th e Phantom of the Ego) also noticed, have the power to spread contagiously, especially in a crowd, but now also in … On the contrary, it spread only by invitation and by invitation alone was it embraced by different peoples who later conquered the Arabs, like the Turks and Mongols.”[4], “When ‘Umar ibn al-Khattâb entered Jerusalem (Bayt al-Maqdis), he showed a great toleration towards its inhabitants that made them feel secure for their religion, property and habits. The Arabs abided by these conditions so much that the Egyptians loved them after they had bitterly suffered from the injustice of the Christian Caesars of Constantinople. We will soon see that the Arabs were credited with presenting ancient knowledge to the medieval people and that the western universities, for five centuries, had no scientific resources other than their writings. In his refutation to the argument that this battle rescued the West and Christianity from the Arabs, La Bon says: “Suppose that the Christians failed to overcome the Arabs and that the Arabs found the climate of northern France neither rainy nor cold in such a way that it was pleasant to them to stay there forever, what would Europe have gotten from that? Then, they devoted themselves to the study of sciences and arts, translation of  Greek and Latin books into Arabic and foundation of  universities that remained the only cultural refuge in Europe for a long time.”[22], “Sicily, at the time the Arabs left it, was culturally, industrially and socially higher than it had been when they entered it.